Discharge nozzle



March 19, 1957 c. L. BELL ETAL 2,785,925

DISCHARGE NOZZLE 'Filed Jail. 23, 1953 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 CARROLL L. BELL 5mm ro/v J lNGRAM IN V EN TOR.

A TTORNEY March 19, 1957 c; B ETAL 2,785,925

DISCHARGE NOZZLE Filed Jan. 25, 1953 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 24 /7 CARROLL L. BELL 671a rwvd. INGRAM 44 27 INVENTOR. a BYW /z x2 .4 TTORNE Y D C AR E ZZL {larroll L. Bell and Shelton J. Ingram, Dallas, Tex., as-

signors t Texas Metal and Manufa u ng Co p ny, Incl Da l s Ta a at n of Texas Application January 23, 1953, Serial No. 332,942

. aim (CL 912 in storage or in shipment from one point to another. It

is desirable, therefore, to provide a method and a means for applying a protective film or coat to such surfaces which prevents or inhibits such corrosion or oxidation.

' It is an object of the invention to provide a new and improved device for depositing a protective film or coat on metal surfaces which are to be protected against corsaisu n cx ans a urth r b ec o h West n to P vi ssand mp o e? de c or e t n a l qui t a predetera tem r tur n a c nta ner a d 'f rs ss t ehsa e l ui i his ssl sh t 9 1w t m sur as s- It is a still further object of the invention to provide an automatic means for preventing withdrawal o fthe liquid from the container unless its temperature exceeds a predetermined value.

It is a still further object of the invention to provide the container with an outlet which is disposed above the heating element within the container so that the heating .slem i is wa s rge n l u d d hus Pr sse a ains burning 9 2?:

It is another object of the invention to provide a spray s me t ls th Qus n ro o fices u h assp r plug ports or the exhaust ports of the cylinders of internal combustion engines.

It is still another object of the invention to provide a nozzle of the type described which emits a solid sheet of liquid which extends perpendicularly to the longitudinal of the nozzle sothat all internal surfaces of acylinder be coated by the liquid when the nozzle is inserted into the cylinder.

With the foregoing objects in view, the invention has further reference to certain features of accomplishment which will become apparent as the deserjption proceeds,

taken in connection with the accompanying drawing.

In the drawing,

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the device for heating and depositing protective liquids on metal surfaces;

Figure 2 is a horizontal sectional view of the device taken on the line Z2 of Figure 3;

Figure 3 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 4-4 of Figure 2;

Figure 5 is a plan view of the nozzle, with certain portions shown in section;

Figure 6 is a fragmentary view showing the manner in which the nozzle sprays a solid sheet of liquid on cylinder walls of engines; and,

Figure 7 is a diagrammatic illustration of the electrical control circuit of the device.

We have discovered that the current method of spray- 2,785,925 Rammed Ma ;9 19.57

ing metal surfaces with a protectiveliquid, such as a mixture ofoil and a preservative compound is unsatisfactory Si e t e nozz e .bmpl yed sp ay a m xtu e of oil and a onto the ,metalsurfaces. It will be understood that wherever the ,term oil .is employedherein, the term may include an oil to which a preservative compound has been added. Spraying the metal surfaees with a mixture of air and a t ms a h h ma a m n aps o perfo a io s hr9 h whiqhmqist r y pe e a t t .h etal surfaces and ause orrosiqn a dxida on; may cause :air pockets to form between the film and the surfaces leaving unprotected areas subject to corrosion or QXi or h fil m y to som other s n unknown to ,us, due to the admixture of air to the spray, permit corrosion and oxidation of the metal surfaces covered with the Moreover, the present spray nozzlespr jes p a a t pra i g ase from th apertures thereof so that the spray fails to touch all areas of engine cylinders whe the conventional nozzles are inserted into hecy inder thr u h t e spa p p r u es q h u parts of the cylinders.

Our newand. improved method for forming a protective film of oil or other liquid on the walls of engine cylinders and the like comprises heating the oil to approximately 220 R, which temperature was found to be particularly effective, in an insulated container, withdrawing the heated oil from the container while preventing admixture of air thereto, and expelling 0r Projecting the Withdrawn heated oil in a solid sheet onto. the metal surfaces. The heated oil being projected or sprayed in a solid sheet is deposited on the walls .of the eylihders before. any aircan get mixed therewith and the high temperature of the oil causes any moisture present on the walls to be driven off so that a solid imperforate of oil is deposited on the cylinder walls which is extremely effective in preventing corrosion oroxidation of the wall surfaces. Moreover, the new and improved nozzles project the spray in a solid sheet which is in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the nozzle.

The device 10 for heating and spraying the protective liquid comprises a cabinet 11 mounted on two back wheels 12 and 13 and a caster or front steering wheel 14. The cabinet or cart 11 may be moved from one place to another by means of the handle 15 secured to the forward end of the cart. The caster or front steering wheel 14, of course, is rotatable about a vertical axis in the usual manner to permit the cart to be turned in any direction as it is drawn along.

The cart or cabinet 11 has a bottom wall 16 and an upstanding peripheral wall 17. A pair of vertical side vertical partitions 18 and 19 in the cabinet have perpendicular outwardly extending extensions 20 and 21 of substantially the same height as the peripheral wall 17 which form with the peripheral wall two hose receiving compartments 22 and 23, respectively.

The upper portions of the side partitions 19 and 20 extend upwardly above the parallel side portions 24 and 25 of the peripheral wall. The rear or back portion 26 of the peripheral wall also extends upwardly spaced from and parallel to a transverse partition 27 disposed between the two side partitions. The side partitions, the transverse partition and the rear portion of the peripheral wall form, together with the bottom 16 and a top 28, a compartment in which is disposed a closed rectangular tank or container 29. A layer of heat insulating material such as asbestos or glass Wool completely surrounds the container.

The transverse partition 27 may 'be secured to the cabinet by belts or screws 30 which engage in suitable apertures in the front vertical angle members 31 and 32 which along with the back vertical angle members 33 and 64 are secured to other components of the cabinet bywelding or in any other suitable manner.

The front compartment motor is closed by a removable cover 36 which is held in place by conventional latches 37. The hose compartments 22 and 23 are closed by covers or lids 38 and 39, respectively, which are hinged to the side partitions 18 and 19, respectively. Disposed in the front motor compartment 35 is an electric motor 40 which is secured to the bottom 16 by bolts 41 in the usual manner. The driving shaft 42 of the motor is coupled to the drive shaft 43 of a pump 44 whose inlet conduit 45 is connected to the outlet of a strainer or filter 46 mounted on the peripheral wall 17 in any suitable manner as by bolts 47a. The inlet conduit 47 of the strainer extends through the transverse partition 27 and the tank a wall 48 into the interior of the tank. The open end of w the inlet conduit 47 is disposed above the electric heater to whose other ends are connected the conduits and 56 whose other ends are connected to the hoses 57 and 58, respectively, disposed in loose coils in the hose compartments. The conduits 55 and 56 extend through the vertical extensions 20 and 21 and are secured thereto by suitable fittings 59.

The other outlet end of the T-coupling 53 is connected to a conventional pressure regulator valve 60 whose outlet conduit 61 extends through the transverse partition 27 and the tank wall 48 into the interior of the tank. The function of the pressure regulator valve is to bypass some of the liquid moved by the pump when the pressure in the hoses rises above a predetermined value.

The free ends of the hoses 57 and 58 are connected to nozzles through hand operated valves 62 provided with actuating levers 63. The valves 62 are interposed between the free ends of the hoses and elbow couplings 63a to rigid nozzle conduits 64 upon whose outer ends der 67. Disposed in the outer sleeve is a central nozzle 7 member 68 having a lower portion in the reduced por tion of the central base of the outer sleeve and provided with an external annular flange 69 which contacts the stop shoulder 67 of the outer sleeve.

reduced so that a cylindrical chamber 71 is formed above the annular flange 69 between the central member and the outer sleeve. An end annular flange 72 of the cen tral member has an annular inner surface 73 which is disposed normal to the central longitudinal axis of the central member and the outer sleeve and is spaced a predetermined distance from the annular outer end surface 74 of the outer sleeve which lies parallel to the surface 73. The two annular surfaces 73 and 74 define an an nular passage 75 which communicates with the chamber The central member 68 has a central bore 76 which is enlarged as at 77 to receive the outer end of the nozzle conduit 64. The central member also has a plurality of lateral ports 78 which communicate with the central bore 76 of the central member and the chamber 71 so'that liquid may pass from the nozzle conduit 64 into the central bore 76 of the central member and through the lateral ports 78 into the cylindrical chamber 71 whence it moves through the narrow annular passage 75 exteriorly of the 4 nozzle in a solid sheet which radiates outwardly in all directions from the nozzle and which lies in a plane perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis of the nozzle. It will be noted that no air is admixed with the liquid in the nozzle and that it is emitted not in the form of droplets or separate streams which facilitate admixture of air withthe liquid after it emerges from the nozzle but in the form of a solid sheet of liquid.

The transverse partition is provided with apertures connected by a coupling 79 so that the nozzles 65 and the nozzle conduits may be inserted into the tank therethrough and kept hot while not in use. A split resilient diaphragm 80 closes each coupling 79 and flexes to permit the nozzles to be inserted into the coupling and thence into the tank. The diaphragms 80 prevent passage of dirt and other extraneous matter into the tank and also prevent escape of heat from within the tank.

The temperature of the liquid is indicated by a conventional guage 81 mounted on the transverse partition 27 having a temperature bulb 82 mounted .on the wall 48 which-projects into the liquid and which is connected to I the guage by a conduit 83. A pressure guage 84 is also mounted on the transverse partition and is connected to the pump 44 by a conduit 85 in the usual manner.

The tank is provided with a conventional guage 86, actuated by a pivoted float 87, which indicates the amount of liquid in the tank.

The motor 40 and the heater elements 50 and 51 are supplied with electric current from an outlet 88 mounted on the transverse partition 27 as shown. The motor 40 switch 91 mounted on the transverse partition and with The portion 70 of the central member above the annular flange 69 is a thermostatically operated switch 92 of the conventional bimetal type which is mounted in a bulb 93 mounted on the tank wall 48. The thermostatic switch 92 is set to open when the temperature of the liquid in the tank falls motor cannot operate it the liquid in the tank is less than 220 F. This ensures that the metal surfaces will be coated with liquid only when the liquid is properly heated.

The heater elements 50 'and 51 are connected in parallel across the conductors 89 and by the series @connected hand switch 94 and thermostatic switch 95.

The thermostatic switch 95 may also be of the conventional bimetal type which is mounted in a bulb 96 mounted on the tank wall 48. The thermostatic switch is set to open when the temperature of the liquid rises above the predetermined value, in this case 220 F. The thermostatic switch 95 is preferably set to open at a temperature slightly above the temperature point at which the switch 92 is set to open so that very slight drops in the temperature of the liquid will not cause the motor to become inoperative.

In use, the tank is filled with oil or other protective liquid through the filler spout 96, normally closed by the cap 97. A suitable plug is then inserted in the outlet 88 to supply current to the conductors 89 and 90 from any suitable source of current. The hand switch 94 is then closed and since the thermostatic switch is closed when the liquid is below 220 F., current will flow through the heater elements and the liquid will be heated to 220 F.- When the temperature rises above fallsbelow 220 F., the switch 95 closes.

220 F., the switch 95 opens and when thetemperature In this manner, the liquid in the tank is maintained at 220 F.

When the temperature of the liquid rises to 220 F.,

as indicated on the temperature gauge 81, the'hand switch valve and permit the oil pumped by the pump 44 to pass through the various conduits and the particular hose 57 or 58 to the nozzle 65. The liquid emerges from the passage 75 of the nozzle as a solid sheet of liquid and coats all internal surfaces of the cylinder including the dome 100 since the sheet of liquid lies in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the nozzle. In Figure 6, the broken lines 101 indicate the manner in which the cone shaped spray of a conventional nozzle fails to reach the dome 100 of the cylinder unless the conventional nozzle is displaced in various directions which is extremely diificult to accomplish due to the narrow confines of the spark plug aperture. The curved nozzle conduit 64 permits the nozzle 65 to be easily inserted down through the cylinder. In this manner, the nozzle 65 deposits a coat or film of hot oil on the walls of the cylinder and, since the oil is not admixed with air, the film protects the walls against corrosition or oxidation for prolonged periods of time.

If an inexperienced or careless operator attempts to use the nozzle before the oil is hot enough, the motor 40 will not operate since its thermostatic switch 92 remains open until the proper temperature is reached.

If the level of the liquid in the tank drops below the inlet conduit 47, the pump will merely draw air so that the operator will realize that the tank must be replenished with oil. The minimum quantity of oil, however, covers the heater elements 50 and 51 so that these will never burn out due to excessive temperatures which would occur if they were exposed to air since their thermostatic switch is responsive only to the temperature of the oil. The pressure regulator bypasses or recirculates the liquid pumped by the pump 44 back into the tank through the outlet 61 when the hand valves 62 are closed and the pressure rises in the conduits supplied with oil by the pump.

When the nozzles are not to be used for a short period of time, they are inserted in the tank and kept hot by immersion in the oil so that the oil will not be cooled in passing through cold nozzles.

The hoses 57 and 58 may be withdrawn from their compartments through slots 102 in the edges of the covers 38 and 39, respectively.

It will be seen now that a new and improved method and means has been provided for coating surfaces of cylinders or the like with hot liquid which has no air admixed in it so that the surfaces are coated with a solid film or coat. It will also be seen that a new device for heating and pumping liquid through a new and improved nozzle has been shown and described, the nozzle having an annular outlet passage 75 extending perpendicularly from the chamber 71 so that a solid sheet of liquid is projected perpendicularly in all directions from the nozzle.

Manifestly, the construction as shown and described is capable of some modification and such modification as may be construed to fall within the scope and meaning of the appended claims is also considered to be within the spirit and intent of the invention.

What is claimed is: p

1. A nozzle having a central bore open at one end for receiving liquid under pressure; a cylindrical chamber spaced from said central bore, a plurality of ports communicating with said central bore and said cylindrical chamber, and an annular passage communicating with said chamber and the exterior of said nozzle, said annular passage being formed by opposed surfaces of the nozzle at a position remote from said one end, said surfaces lying in spaced parallel planes extending perpendicularly to the central axis of said nozzle whereby liquid may flow into said central bore from said open end and from said central bore through said ports into said cylindrical chamber and thence outwardly through said annular passage without reversing direction of How.

2. A nozzle comprising an outer sleeve having a central bore and an internal annular stop shoulder; a central member having an external annular flange intermediate its ends for engaging said stop shoulder to limit inward movement of said central member in said outer sleeve; an annular end flange on one end of said central member spaced from an adjacent end of said outer sleeve, said central member and said outer sleeve being spaced above said flange to form a cylindrical chamber, said end flange and said adjacent end having opposed flat parallel spaced surfaces forming a passage communicating with the exterior of the nozzle and said cylindrical chamber, said central member having a central bore extending inwardly from the opposite end of said central member and a plurality of apertures communicating with said central bore and said cylindrical chamber and spaced from said passage.

3. A nozzle comprising an outer sleeve having a central bore and an internal annular stop shoulder; a central member having an external annular flange intermediate its ends for engaging said stop shoulder to limit inward movement of said central member in said outer sleeve; an annular end flange on one end of said central member spaced from an adjacent end of said outer sleeve, said central member and said outer sleeve being spaced above said flange to form a cylindrical chamber, said end flange and said adjacent end having opposed flat parallel spaced surfaces forming a passage communicating with the exterior of the nozzle and said central chamber, said central member having a central bore extending inwardly from the opposite end of said central member and a plurality of apertures communicating with said central bore and said cylindrical chamber and spaced from said passage, said flat surfaces lying in spaced parallel planes disposed perpendicularly to the central axis of said nozzle.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,184,873 Raymond May 30, 1916 1,457,634 Neri June 5, 1923 2,123,767 Clayton July 12, 1938 2,296,814 Ebert Sept. 22, 1942 2,314,329 Ericson Mar. 23, 1943 2,493,209 Simmons Jan. 3, 1950 FOREIGN PATENTS 384,071 Great Britain Dec. 1, 1932 

